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| 故宫（The Imperial Palace） |
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故宫是明清两代的皇宫，又称紫禁城。位于北京市中心，建于明永乐四年（１４０６年），完成于明永乐十八年（１４２０年），距今已有５７０多年的历史。先后有明代１４
位皇帝和清１０位皇帝在此相继登基执政。紫禁城平面呈长方形，占地７２万平方米，有殿宇楼阁９９９９间半。建筑面积约１６万平方米。紫红色的宫墙长３４００米。四面正中设城门四座，上建城门楼阁，南为午门，北为神午门、东为东华门、西为西华门，城垣外环绕宽５２米、深
４.１米的
护城河，四隅各建一座角楼，犹如壁垒森严的城堡。宫殿分前后两部分，前为外朝，是皇帝举行大典，召见群臣，行使权力的场所。后为内廷，是皇帝日常处理政务和帝后、嫔妃、皇子、公主居住、游玩、奉神之处。故宫保存有大量珍贵文物，达92万件以上，是中国也是世界上现存规模最大、最完整的古代木结构宫殿建筑群。
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The Imperial Palace, also known as the Forbidden
City, was the imperial palace of emperors in the Ming
and Qing Dynasties. It is located at the centre of beijing.
The construction began in the 4th year of the reign of
Yongle Emperor(1406) in the Ming Dynasty, and completed
14 years later(1420). There were 14 emperors in the Ming
Dynasty and 10 emperors in the Qing Dynasty had been enthroned
and ruled here.
The Forbidden City, rectangular in shape and 72O,0OO
square metres in size, owns 9,999 and a half rooms, the
floor space of which is about 16O,OOO square metres. The
palaces are surrounded by purpligh-red walls 3,4OO metres
long and a moat 52 metres wide 4.1 metres deep. At the
middle of each four walls stands a gate tower; the Meridian
Gate in the south, the Godly Prowess Gate in the north,
the Donghua Gate in the east, the Xihua Gate in the west,
and at each of the four comers stands a tower. The whole
Forbidben City looks like a strongly fortified castle.
It is composed of two parts, the outer palace where
the emperors held grand ceremonies, and discued state
affairs with high-ranking officials and the inner palace
where emperors conducted routine govemment affairs and
empresses, concubines, princes, princesses resided, amused
themselves and worshipped gods. There are 92O, OOO pieces
of historical relics in the Imperal Palace. It is the
largest and most complete existing ancient wooden architectural
complex both in China and in the world. |
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